Bibliography and Photocredits
One of the few sources that provides information on William James Abra, one of the architects commissioned in the design of the new building at 19 Fairmont Ave. for Crawley Films.
———. "Balharrie, James Watson." Biographical Dictionary of Architects in Canada 1800-1950. Accessed February 12, 2025. http://dictionaryofarchitectsincanada.org/node/1023.
One of the few sources that provides information on James Watson Balharrie, one of the architects commissioned in the design of the new building at 19 Fairmont Ave. for Crawley Films.
Borgo, Podzo Di. Caméra 16 mm Ciné-Kodak Spéciale 1 (1933). Photograph. May 2, 2020. Digital file.
City of Ottawa. City of Ottawa: Assessment Made in 1946 for 1947 Taxes. Chart. Ottawa, ON, 1946. City of Ottawa Archives, Ottawa, ON.
Primary source that provides information on the size of the property owned by Crawley Films in Hintonburg (the old church hall) and the taxes paid in 1946. It is useful because it can be compared to the information for later years in the new building, a testimony to the growth and importance of Crawley Films in Ottawa and Canada.
———. City of Ottawa: Business Assessment in Ottawa. Chart. Ottawa, ON, 1957. R64 - 454. City of Ottawa Archives, Ottawa, ON.
A primary source that provides information on the size of the property owned by Crawley Films in Hintonburg with the new building, the extension of the old church hall, and the taxes paid in 1957. It is useful because it can be compared to the information from earlier years when Crawley Studios was limited to the church hall on the same site—evidence of the growth and importance of Crawley Films in Ottawa and Canada.
———. Insurance Plan of the City of Ottawa. Map. Ottawa, ON, 1948. City of Ottawa Archives, Ottawa, ON.
This primary source provides information specific to the construction materials of Crawley Films at 19 Fairmont Ave. (old church hall). It also provides documentation about the size of the property. Along with the 1956 insurance plan, both pieces of information are valuable when compared.
———. Insurance Plan of the City of Ottawa Volume 3. Map. Ottawa, ON, 1956. City of Ottawa Archives, Ottawa, ON.
This primary source provides information specific to the construction materials of Crawley Films at 19 Fairmont Ave. It also provides documentation about the size of the property. This piece of information is valuable when compared to that of 1948. The data is useful also when comparing with similar modernist structures in Ottawa and Canada; trends can be observed.
Crawley, Michal. "The History of Crawley Films." Canadianfilm.ca. Last modified December 3, 2015. Accessed February 12, 2025. https://canadianfilm.ca/2015/12/03/history-of-crawley-films/.
The speech is of interest because it is from the perspective of the Crawleys' daughter Michal Crawley. The text offers validation of information read in books about Budge Crawley and in articles written about Crawley Films Limited, more specifically, about the founders, the beginnings, the film board connection, the growth of the company, and its Canadian Nationalism.
Crawley Films. Young Budge Crawley behind Camera. Photograph. Accessed March 27, 2025. https://recherche-collection-search.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/Home/Record?app=fonandcol&IdNumber=3563896&q=Budge%20Crawley%20Behind%20Camera&ecopy=.
Reference: Accession number: 1996-213 NPC, Box number: 497
Type of material: Photographs
Found in: Archives / Collections and Fonds
Item ID number: 3563896
Additional information: Series added entry:
MISA, CR:P-2500 McGraw-Hill, Series No.1
Credit: Crawley Films Ltd. / Library and Archives Canada / Misa: 9603-2
"Crawleys' New Building." Video. Library and Archives Canada. Posted by Bill Stevens, 1954. Accessed April 7, 2025. https://recherche-collection-search.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/Home/Record?app=filvidandsou&IdNumber=57746&q=Crawley%27s%20New%20Building&ecopy=.
Fonds/collection: CRAWLEY FILMS LIMITED
Accession: 1984-0331
Media: Film
Production date: 1954
Production credit: camera, Tom Glynn
Copyright: Bill Stevens
The Financial Post. "Man-Wife Movie-Making Team Find Profit in 'Shorts' for Industry." The Financial Post (Toronto, ON), April 9, 1949. Digital file.
The newspaper clipping is of interest because it dates to 1949, before the opening of the new Crawley studio building by Abra and Balharrie. It has a photo of Budge Crawley looking at a model of the proposed studio expansion (the new building) and the article discusses the state of the Canadian film industry and Crawley Films in 1949.
Forrester, James. "Crawley College." Canadian Film. Last modified February 20, 2025. Accessed March 20, 2025. https://canadianfilm.ca/2025/02/20/crawley-college/.
Forrester, James A. Budge: F.R. Crawley and Crawley Films 1939-1982. Lakefield, ON: Information Research Services, 1988.
One of two books on the life and contributions of Frank R. Crawley and Judith Crawley from their childhood to their founding and building of Crawley Films Limited. The content is of importance to the online exhibition because of its focus on the period 1930s to 1950s and beyond (up to its selling in 1982) with discussions of their vision, investments, relationships with their staff, creative talent and content. Very little if anything could be applied to understanding their relationship with Hintonburg or the architecture of their new building as nothing was written on the subject. There is however, data on the growth in the number of staff and revenues which infers a need for more space and with the Crawleys' interest in cinematographic innovations, it is not surprising that their new building had a state-of-the-art music studio and filming and production suites.
———. "The Crawley Era." Cinema Canada, June 1982, 22-24. Accessed March 20, 2025. chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://cinemacanada.athabascau.ca/index.php/cinema/article/download/1372/1441.pdf.
Haupt, Joe. Vintage Stewart Warner 16mm Movie Camera, Model 531-B, circa 1930s. Photograph. September 29, 2015. Digital file.
Heritage Ottawa. "Completing the Circle - St. Matthias Anglican Church, 1888-2015." Heritage Ottawa Newsletter, February 2016, 1-3. Accessed March 29, 2025. chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://heritageottawa.org/sites/default/files/newsletter_pdfs/herottnews_2016_01.pdf.
Leaning, John. Hintonburg and Mechanicsville: A Narrative History. Ottawa, ON: Hintonburg Community Association, 2003.
Locke, John. "Honorary Degree Citation - Frank R. Crawley." Concordia University. Last modified June 1985. Accessed March 22, 2025. https://www.concordia.ca/offices/archives/honorary-degree-recipients/1985/06/frank-crawley.html.
McLeod, Susanna. "Crawley Regarded as the 'First Lady of Canadian Films.'" The Kingston Whig Standard. Last modified August 28, 2019. Accessed March 20, 2025. https://www.thewhig.com/opinion/columnists/crawley-regarded-as-the-first-lady-of-canadian-films.
Might Directories Limited. "F. Radford (Arthur a Crawley and Co) H 1282 Wellington." In 1944 Ottawa City Directory, 147. Ottawa, ON: Might Directories, 1944. Digital file.
The Ottawa Citizen. "Assorted Advertisements." The Ottawa Citizen (Ottawa, ON), May 14, 1955, 7. Digital file.
———. "Believers in Canada." The Ottawa Citizen (Ottawa, ON), November 26, 1930, 4. Digital file.
———. "Crawley Films Buy St. Matthias' Hall." The Ottawa Citizen (Ottawa, ON), June 19, 1945. Digital file.
The newspaper clipping is of interest because it dates to 1945 and Crawley Films purchasing St. Matthias' Hall. It confirms information provided in books on the life of Budge Crawley regarding the date of the purchase and when they thought operations would start in the church hall and their intentions of remodelling.
———. "Crawley Films Limited Now Located in Fine New Building." The Ottawa Citizen (Ottawa, ON), May 14, 1955. PDF.
The newspaper clipping is of interest because it dates to the launch of the new building for Crawley Films and it offers lots of descriptions or lists of the rooms and their functions on each floor. It provides data on the price of the building and on the number of staff and square footage.
———. "New Home of Crawley Films Ltd. Result of 16 Years' Endeavors." The Ottawa Citizen (Ottawa, ON), May 14, 1955. Digital file.
The newspaper clipping is of interest because it dates to the launch of the new building for Crawley Films and it offers lots of descriptions or lists of the rooms and their functions on each floor. It provides data on the price of the building and on the number of staff and square footage.
———. "$1,010,547 Expended in December Building." The Ottawa Citizen (Ottawa, ON), January 9, 1950, 16. Digital file.
———. "Ottawa Couple: Husband-And-Wife Team Take Top Film Awards." The Ottawa Citizen (Ottawa, ON), June 18, 1957, 22. Digital file.
———. "Ottawa Studio Producing Many Documentary Films." The Ottawa Citizen (Ottawa, ON), January 31, 1946. Digital file.
The newspaper clipping is of interest because it situates Crawley Films in the context of the Canadian film industry like the type of films it specializes in, examples of its sponsored contracts, and its foray into animated coloured films.
———. "$20,000 Tops Property Sales in Nepean Area." The Ottawa Citizen (Ottawa, ON), March 5, 1948, 18. Digital file.
The Ottawa Journal. "Arthur A. Crawley and Co." Advertisement. The Ottawa Citizen (Ottawa, ON), July 26, 1943. Digital file.
The useful advertisement shows the Ottawa roots of the Crawley family and the initial profession as an accountant of Budge Crawley.
———. "Arthur Crawley: Prominent Ottawa Accountant Dies." The Ottawa Journal (Ottawa, ON), January 18, 1969, 4. Digital file.
———. "Crawley Films Ltd. Let Contract for New Building." The Ottawa Journal (Ottawa, ON), January 11, 1954. Digital file.
An article that highlights the expansion of Crawley Films and their legitimate need for a new building. It discusses the plans for tripling the floor space and that the "new building will be erected in front of the present studio."
———. "Crawley Films Planning $250,000 Expansion." The Ottawa Journal (Ottawa, ON), September 24, 1953, 1. Digital file.
———. "Handsome New Crawley Building Is Tribute to Film's Growth." The Ottawa Journal (Ottawa, ON), April 30, 1955. Digital file.
The newspaper clipping is of interest because it dates to the launch of the new building for Crawley Films and it offers lots of descriptions or lists of the rooms and their functions on each floor. It provides data on the price of the building and on the number of staff and square footage.
———. "Hospital Extension Tops $465,000 Building Permits." The Ottawa Journal (Ottawa, ON), June 4, 1954, 27. Digital file.
———. "R.C.A Sound Motion Projector Advertisement." The Ottawa Journal (Ottawa, ON), June 22, 1946, 6. Digital file.
It is an interesting advertisement because it shows the diversification of activities of Crawley Films which includes services in projecting motion pictures in churches and schools.
———. "Scholastic Films Are Made in Ottawa." The Ottawa Journal (Ottawa, ON), January 30, 1946, 21. Digital file.
———. "Streamlined City News." The Ottawa Journal (Ottawa, ON), June 19, 1945, 8. Digital file.
Rose, Barbara Wade. Budge: What Happened to Canada's King of Film. Toronto, ON: ECW Press, 1998.
One of two books on the life and contributions of Frank R. Crawley and Judith Crawley from their childhood to their founding and building of Crawley Films Limited. The content is of importance to the online exhibition because of its focus on the period 1930s to 1950s and beyond (up to its bankruptcy in 1982) with discussions of their vision, investments, relationships with their staff, creative talent and content. Very little if anything could be applied to understanding their relationship with Hintonburg or the architecture of their new building as nothing was written on the subject. There is however, data on the growth in the number of staff and revenues which infers a need for more space and with the Crawleys' interest in cinematographic innovations, it is not surprising that their new building had a state-of-the-art music studio and filming and production suites.
Schade, Hellmut W. How Much Affection? Photograph. P. 1177-44. Hellmut Schade Collection. AVRC, Ottawa, ON.
———. How Much Affection? (description). Photograph. P. 1177-44. Hellmut Schade Collection. AVRC, Ottawa, ON.
———. In the Car. Photograph. P. 1177-49. Hellmut Schade Collection. AVRC, Ottawa, ON.
———. In the Car (description). Photograph. P. 1177-49. Hellmut Schade Collection. AVRC, Ottawa, ON.
———. On Location. Photograph. P. 1092 - 12. Hellmut Schade Collection. AVRC, Ottawa, ON.
———. On Location (description). Photograph. P. 1092 - 12. Hellmut Schade Collection. AVRC, Ottawa, ON.
———. Still Photo, Crawley Films. Photograph. Hellmut Schade Collection. AVRC, Ottawa, ON.
While, Aidan. "Modernism vs Urban Renaissance: Negotiating Post-war Heritage in English City Centres." Urban Studies 43, no. 13 (2006): 2399-419. JSTOR.